Slavery And The Slave Trade Essay - 2064 Words

Slaves were significantly important to both Southern America and Northern America; both regions profited greatly from the slave trade. While Northern America were focusing on manufacturing, Southern America were considering to increase slavery so that they could use them in their agricultural places. Most of the slaves were from Africa, who were forcibly brought to America. The journey from Africa to America was not that easy though. Many of them died on the way to America because of the brutal condition of the journey. They risked their life to come to America with the hope of getting a better life in America. However, will they be accepted well and treated equally by new people in America? Will the new land give them new better life? Will the new land be actually better than their homeland? The treatment of slaves in America depended on slave owners, conditions, times, and places, though, generally majority of slaves had to face with brutality, degradation, and inhumanity. Slavery was one of the most significant issues in American history. Technically, slaves provided America economy, especially during the Antebellum period. Besides, they caused tensions between America two regions; the Southern states and the Northern states, over slavery issues, which was one of the reason that caused the Civil War. The influences of slavery issues didn’t end after the Civil war, it continued to the civil rights movements period and some of the equality issues are still going on tillShow MoreRelatedSlavery And The Slave Trade1436 Words   |  6 PagesSlavery has been documented and has been part of the world for a very extensive time. Slaves as well-defined by numerous of individual’s state that slaves were a group of individuals who were legally bought and soon after, became the property of an owner and were forced to obey. No one knows when slavery actually came about, but we do know that it existed. So this being said, today I will be talking about the slave trade, comparing the differences of being an African slave and American slave, asRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1405 Words   |  6 PagesThe slave trade, which was once a legal part of the American constitution, has for many years become a form of piracy because it takes away the basic human rights of any person. The Atlantic slave trade was originated in West Africa and became a systematic institution in American and European economies. This plague brought about an inevitable existence of the nations greatest political conflict. The slave trade evoked heartbreak, and a horror to society as the nation became split over puritan valuesRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1328 Words   |  6 Pagesamounts of workers for cultivation infrastructure. For this reason, American settlers began the transatlantic slave trade trade. Christianity played an important role in advocating for the morality of the slave trade (Ri chard). In order to drive the slave industry, pastors across America used the traditions and stories found in the Bible to endorse and even encourage the practice of slavery. At this time, America was seeing ever dividing sects of protestantism. There were countless institutions anywhereRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe phenomenon of new world slavery was a well-run business and the slaves were the product. Slavery was one of the few industries in history where assets exceeded liability and owner’s equity, which is an unusual occurrence considering the equation is normally that assets equal liability and owner’s equity. Throughout this essay, the rise of slavery and the slave trade will be explained and slavery will be illustrated as the product of a domino effect. Slavery was a process and it took many peopleRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe word slave is well-defined as an individual detained in se rvitude as the chattel of another, or one that is wholly impassive to a ruling power (American Heritage dictionary of the English language, 2011). The most renowned circumstances of slavery materialized throughout the settling of the United States of America. From 1619 until July 1st 1928 slavery was acceptable within United States of America the Slavery protestors endeavoured to end slavery, which at some point; they were effective atRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1104 Words   |  5 PagesThe Atlantic Slave Trade was about importing and exporting of commodities such as sugar, cotton and humans beings (slaves) which would be considered the most valuable product. A slave is defined as a person being held in servitude as the chattel (property) of another; one that is completely subservient to a dominating influence.† (Merriam-Webster) According to Paul Lovejoy â€Å"slavery was one form of exploitation. Its special characteristics included the idea that slaves were property; that theyRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1295 Words   |  6 Pagesyou a few examples of how Atlantic slave trade came to be. What would be significant about it is that the laws, and rules that existed for the slave trade, were slightly confusing. Example not everyone knew or would agree to slave trade, the vast argument was whether slavery was a necessity or not and who would be considered a slave. Some say that without slaves, they would not get the proper work done such as field work is an example. Also others argued that slavery was not needed. As a result of theRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of the domestic slave trade because of the need for slaves in the tobacco planting lands. Many landowners and planters looked towards the Chesapeake area to seek for slaves. Many slave owners started looking towards that region because the International Slave Trade had been blockaded off. The domestic slave trade began something d ifferent; where African Americans were moved to a new location either through being sold or being transferred. Because of the desperate need of slaves in order to earnRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1987 Words   |  8 Pagesbe complete without the mention of the interstate slave trade. This is most applicable when we talk about one aspect of the slave trade that often gets overlooked, the Atlantic Slave Trade. When mentioning the Atlantic Slave Trade, it is the fact that southerners considered reopening the trade after its dissolution in the beginning of the nineteenth century. Interestingly enough, there were movements by southerners to reopen the Atlantic Slave Trade that were in the name of southern expansion. OneRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade2968 Words   |  12 Pageshistory of slavery is long, documented, captured in photos and personal narratives of slaves and slave owners. There are many accounts of how slavery started, the horrific stories of transporting sl aves and what they were used for throughout history. To start at the beginning you have to start with how slaves were placed in different countries and continents where they were not born. Most know about the Atlantic slave trade that effected North America, South America and the Caribbean. Slavery existed

The Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck - 875 Words

Introduction The Chrysanthemums author, John Steinbeck, struggles to equality using Elisa Ellen. The Chrysanthemums depicts a capable, a woman who is denied fulfillment socially, sexually, and personal fulfillment through prevailing the woman s role conception in the men dominated the world. The appearance, speech, and actions of Elisa depict that frustration that women experienced in 1930 s Steinbeck s masculine world. Thus, this brings the questions: In what ways does Elisa s character develop and what does this suggests about the story meaning? How do Elisa s relations with Tinker compare with her relationship with Henry and what does this reveal about the story? How is the story a commentary on gender relations for its time? Therefore, â€Å"Steinbeck’s world† is more of a masculine world offers no chance to feminine liberationists. â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† show Elisa’s transformation throughout the story and reveal a different side of her that she seems to be mor e feminine instead of masculine, conversational, frustrated and aware of her self-suggesting women desires in a world dominated by men. The frustration evident as from the beginning of the book, when Elisa is introduced. There is gender inequality, the time is 1930’s and Elisa’s description is a heavy and clocked woman with heavy shoes, a big apron hiding her printed dress, heavy gloves and a â€Å"man’s black hat† (Steinbeck 330). Elisa’s home is described with qualities of masculinity by being â€Å"hard polished†Show MoreRelatedThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck982 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Chrysanthemums† is a short story written by John Steinbeck. The story was originally published in 1937 before later being released as a part of his The Long Valley collection. This is an important story as it expresses women in a way that is more realistic, showing their true boredom, ambition, and capabilities. Some scholars interpreted this story differently, but C. Kenneth Pellow interprets it as â€Å"radically feministic.† The Great Depression was finally endi ng and women’s rights were risingRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck is a rich piece of work that has many underlying meanings hidden within it. I find that it was no mistake that this entire short story is a metaphor. Each character plays their own role in creating this metaphor from the very beginning of the story all the way until the bitter end. As well as characters, the lack of one particular â€Å"character† in this story seems to be the most important metaphor of all. No one character is more important than the other. They allRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Chrysanthemums† By John Steinbeck â€Å"Tears, Idle Tears† By Alfred, Lord Tennyson Both of these stories has the speaker/main character going through an emotional journey and in a way they are pretty similar with their own little differences. This story, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums†, and this poem, â€Å"Tears, Idle Tears†, are both similar in the way that the main character/speaker of the story is upset and is crying either at one point in the story or in all of the poem. And, well, it’s not just that butRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck889 Words   |  4 PagesWhen John Steinbeck s short story The Chrysanthemums first appeared in the October 1937 edition of Harper s Magazine (Osborne 479), Franklin D. Roosevelt had just been reelected president. The country was recovering from the Great Depression, unions were developing, and child labor in manufacturing was terminated (Jones 805-6). The first female cabinet member in American history, Frances Perkins, was appointed the Secretary of Labor (Jones 802). She was one of the few women in her time to gainRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck, like many stories by this author, is loaded with symbolism and concepts about human nature. Each description of characters, places, and physical aspects is written in a way that is simple to understand, but one should not be tricked by his ordinary words since there is always a greater meaning behind them. In this particular story, if one considers the period of time when the story was written, which was the nineteen thirties, is perceived how Steinbeck presentsRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck Analysis935 Words   |  4 PagesIn John Steinbeck‘s short story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums † Elisa Gives off the impression that she is not satisfied with her life. She can’t put a finger on her source of discomfort, but knows that she is not quite satisfied with how her life is continuing. Elisa’s husband doe sn’t give her the proper attention she is craving, so elisa turns to her only sense of compassion; her garden. Elisa uses her beloved chrysanthemums to express her inner feelings about what it’s like to truly care for something.Read MoreSymbolism in the Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck1758 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums is a story that is full of symbolism. After the first read, it might seem like an innocent tale about a woman and her garden. However, upon further examination, the reader learns it is actually a story about a womans desires and frustrations in her life. Steinbeck uses many examples, such as the flowers to symbolize the thoughts and ideas of the main character, Elisa, in this story. Elisa Allen is a lonesome woman who gets pleasure from growingRead MoreThe Chrysanthemums by John Steinbeck Essay1029 Words   |  5 PagesSteinbeck’s â€Å"Chrysanthemums†: How Boundaries Limited Elisa’s Pursuing for Self Fulfillment â€Å"The Chrysanthemums†, â€Å"a brilliant piece of writing, perhaps the best story Steinbeck ever wrote†, as expressed by Jay Parini in his article Lawrence’s and Steinbeck’s â€Å"Chrysanthemums†, is one of the most interesting and ambiguous story of this writer. Steinbeck’s little story shows to the reader the reality of women during the nineteenth hundreds and the great depression. In order to show this reality,Read MoreThe Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck Analysis949 Words   |  4 PagesBiography John Ernst Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, which is where the short story, â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† is set in 1902. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature and his held in high regard, but not quite as high as Faulkner and Hemingway. Steinbeck died of a heart attack in Salinas, California in 1963 (Levant). Overview Steinbeck published the short story The Chrysanthemums in 1937 and included as part of his collection The Long Valley the following year. In the story, Henry AllenRead MoreSummary Of The Chrysanthemums By John Steinbeck858 Words   |  4 PagesSummary Response Essay- â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† Their are times in life when we all get so busy that we forget to make time for people we care about. This is because we take each other for granted and push aside the important things such as having fun, talking to each other and enjoying life with each other to deal with things we consider to be more important and concerning. This type of situation is becoming way too common in todays society with people connected with their work and that we no longer

Study of Leadership in Professional Practice Health and Social care Free Essays

Introduction This essay will discuss leadership, the various definitions and theoretical concepts in context to leadership. The different qualities and characteristics of an exemplary leader and identify leadership styles in congruence to health care and self. It will also discuss the importance of reflective learning and various models which aid in reflection are also discussed and using a reflective approach identify strengths and weakness of own leadership and learning styles, and develop a personal development plan to review the strengths and strategize an action plan to overcome the weaknesses. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of Leadership in Professional Practice Health and Social care or any similar topic only for you Order Now Leaders are ordinary people who do extraordinary things as asserted by Kouzes and Posner (1995).Leadership definitions are more often confusing and ambiguous because of the use of indefinite terms to describe phenomena such as authority, power, management, administration, and supervision Yulk (1989). Leadership is defined under multiple dimensions. Weihrich and Koontz (2005) defines leadership as influence, they compare it to an art or process of influencing people so that they strive readily and enthusiastically towards the attainment of group goals. Another definition on leadership views it as the use of interpersonal skills in achieving specific goals Sullivan and Garland (2010). Yet another leadership definition asserted by Bitpipe’s (2006) is that leadership is a management skill that focuses on the development and employment of vision, mission and strategy as well as the creation of a motivated workforce. Hughes et al (2006) suggest that the wide range of definitions can contribute to a better and greater understanding of the various factors that influence leadership, as well as present different perspectives on the concept. Leadership is a term hard to contain within a certain number of theories. However various theorists describe the various paradigms of leadership. Leadership theories are dynamic and change over time. The earliest theories on leadership were during the 1900-1940 which were the basis of most leadership research. The two theories widely discussed were the Great Man theory and Trait theories. The Great Man theory from is developed from the Aristotelian philosophy which asserts that certain people are born to lead whereas others are born to be led. The theory further suggests that great leaders arise when situations demand it. Trait theory asserts that some people have certain characteristics or a personality trait that makes them better leaders than others. Gofee and Jones (2000) cited in their work that early theories of leadership focused on personality traits of leaders, as though leadership was a characteristic that resided in some people not others. The various traits associated with the theory are intelligence, knowledge, judgment, decisiveness, oral fluency, interpersonal relationship and creativity to mention a few. Behavioral theories were developed during the human relation era between1940-1980. The theory strongly emphasized on the leaders’ style of leadership. Lewin and White (1951) and Lippit (1960) isolated three main leadership styles associated with the theory namely authoritarian, democratic and Laissez- Faire. The authoritarian style of leadership is in which the group are motivated by coercion, strong control is exercised at all times by the leader over the group. The flow of communication is always downwards. The decision making is vested in the leader and criticism is always punitive. Authoritarian leadership is helpful in well defined group actions. This style provides group members a feeling of security. The productivity of the group is high; however creativity and autonomy are compromised. It is most useful in crisis situations. In the democratic style the leader less control is maintained on the group, members are directed through suggestions and guidance, communication i s didactic, decision making is shared. Emphasis on â€Å"we feeling† and equality, criticism is constructive. Democratic style of leadership is appropriate for groups who work together for extended periods, promotes autonomy and growth in individual work. The style is effective when cooperation and coordination between groups are required. The Laissez-Faire style of leadership is one where the leader is very permissive and has less or no control over the group. The leader motivates by support and only upon request from the members. No criticism is performed. It can be used when all group members highly motivated and self directed. This type of leadership style is used to bring about creativity. It is most appropriate in poorly defined problems and to create solutions with great extent of brainstorming. Situational and contingency leadership theories concepts emerged during the 1950-1980 period. The theory of contingency approach outlined by Fidler (1967) suggested that no one leadership style is ideal for every situation. He argued that task to be accomplished and the power associated with the leaders’ position are key variables. Benis and Nanus (1985) further strengthen the theory by stating leaders cannot lead without power, and also referring power as the currency of leadership. Situational approach to leadership was developed by Hersey and Blanchard (1977). Their model of leadership effectiveness predicts leadership style is appropriate in each situation based on the level of the followers’ maturity. The next theory to evolve in the argument of theorists which added complexity to leadership was the interactional theory. The basic concepts of these theories were that the leadership behavior is usually determined by the relationship between leaders’ personality and specific situation. Brandt’s (1994) interactive leadership model suggests that leaders develop a work environment that fosters autonomy and creativity through valuing and empowering followers. Brandt states that this type of leadership gives the leader greater freedom while simultaneously increasing the leader’s responsibility. However as an advantage there is lesser need in resolving conflicts between followers. The modern theories of leadership led way to the development of transactional and transformational leadership. Burn’s (2003) came out with a novel addition to the interactional theory suggesting that both leaders and followers have the ability to raise each other to higher levels of motivation and morality. This concept was identified as transformational leadership. Mc Guire and Kennerly (2006) identifies transactional leaders as leaders who sets goals, gives directions and uses rewards to reinforce employee behaviors related with accomplishing established goals. Longnecker (2006) states that the transformational leader inspires and motivates followers not only as a role model but also by recognizing the uniqueness of the follower and being creative. Martins and Henderson (2001) argues that by developing shared values and sense of purpose, transformational leaders can alter how staff sees themselves and their organization. Servant leadership developed by Greenleaf (1977) greatly influenced leadership thinking of the 21st century. The leader puts service of his/her employers, customers and community as the number one priority. Greenleaf argued that to be a great leader, one must be a servant first. Howatson and Jones (2004) assert that leadership is about ‘leaders serving the needs of followers and empowering them rather than the organization’. Other modern theories of leadership styles include principle agent theory, emotional intelligence, authentic leadership, thought leadership and quantum leadership. Shirley (2006) outlines the five distinguishing characteristics as purpose, values, heart, relationship and self discipline. The Kouzes and Posner (1995) model on the characteristics of exemplary leadership stated that leaders should have five main qualities. ‘Inspiring a shared vision’,’ modeling the way’, ‘challenging the process’, ‘encouraging the heart’ and enabling others to act. In a study of the role of leadership in modernizing and improving public services, Hartley and Allison (2002) describe three different aspects of leadership which they describe as the ‘three Ps’: ‘the person’, ‘the position’ and ‘the process’. Leadership roles adapted from Kotter (1990) and Northouse (1997) asserts that leadership produces change and movement, vision building and strategizing, aligning people and communicating and motivating and inspiring. The study conducted by the Hay group in 2007 to ascertain whether leadership styles of various ward managers can affect levels of staff satisfaction and in turn patient care using a 3600 leadership and work climate assessment identified six different leadership styles namely ‘directive’ , ‘visionary’ , ‘affiliative’ , ‘participative’ , ‘pace-setting’ and coaching. Reflection gives us a thorough record and it is a well established tool for learning as asserted by Benner (2001). The theories of reflection are approached through various aspects included the works of four writers namely John Dewey, Jurgen Habermas, Donald Schon and David Kolb. Dewey (1933, p.9) defines reflection as an ‘active, persistent and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it and the further conclusion to which it ends.’ Another definition consistent with the definition of Dewey †Reflection in context of learning is a generic term for those intellectual and affective activities in which individuals engage to explore their experiences in order to lead to new understandings and appreciation.†Boud et al (1985, p.9). Dewey has two aspects of reflective thinking, the state of doubt and an act of searching. The Boud et al process suggests that the reflective process is initiated when the individual returns to the experience, recollecting what has taken place and replaying the experience. Finally revaluation takes place. There are different categories of models of reflection which are structured, hierarchical, iterative, synthetic and holistic. Structured models include two works on reflection by Johns (1993, 1994a, 1994b) describes reflection as a simple task to do without expert guidance and good support. The reflective model put forth by John’s is in context to health services and is termed as guided framework of reflection. Smyth (1991) developed another structured model. He stages the model into four stages. The first stage involves describing the moment; second stage encompasses informing what the moment describes itself as. The next stage is to confront the moment and knowing how the moment was like. The final stage called the construct describes how the person would do things differently. Of the best known hierarchical models; Mezirow (1983) developed a model where reflection is described in seven levels. ‘Reflectivity’ which forms the base of the level is described as the act of becoming aware of a specific incident or inferring meaning acting. The second level is ‘affective’ it is described as the way one feels about the way one perceives, thinks or acts. Thereafter in the third level called the ‘descriminant’ the person asses the efficacy of his/her perception and try to realize the reality of the context in which he/she works that is identify the relationship to a situation. The fourth stage or level is ‘judgmental‘ , making and becoming aware of your value about perception , as whether they are positive or negative. The sixth level is called the ‘psychic’ level where one recognizes about one’s self about the habit of making precipitant judgment about the people based on limited information. Th e ‘theoretical’ level forms the top of the model which is becoming aware of the underlying assumptions. Iterative models are the models that are based upon the idea that the reflective process is described as a cycle and that in depth awareness and increase of knowledge and skillfulness arise from repeated ‘clockwise’ movements. Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) is a six point cycle which starts from description of an event asking a question like what happened, secondly describing the feeling at point of event, thereafter evaluating about the experience whether it was good or bad. Then making an analysis of the situation and making sense out of it. The fifth point of the cycle is about concluding the incident in terms of what could have been done. Finally drawing out an action plan what would you do if the experience arises again. Atkins and Murphy (1994) developed a cyclical model by drawing in consideration and works of others. They state that it is possible to begin the reflective process by reflecting on achievements. The first point of the cycle begins with the awareness of uncomfortable feeling or thought, then describe the situation where the feeling and thoughts occurs, thereafter analyze feelings and challenge the knowledge and in the next point in the cycle which is the ‘action’ where a new experience is generated. The strengths of these two models are that it encompasses knowledge, feelings and action in one learning cycle. Another variant in the iterative model is the Bouden et al (1985). The second variant is that of Ghaye et al (1996b) which is based on action research literature put forth by Donald Schon. I undertook the assessment of my own leadership skill using 3600 leadership questionnaire based on the work of Kouzes and Posner (2003). The leadership questionnaire helped me identify my strengths and weaknesses. My strengths outlined according to the 3600 questionnaire were determination, competent and strong communicator and networker. I could identify my strengths as a leader with the above theories of leadership. The weakness of my leadership skills outlined from the questionnaire was that I lacked the quality of inspiring and empowering others. Personal development plan (PDP), is a tool that can identify areas for further development and encourage lifelong learning. It acts as a process of planning, monitoring, assessment, and support to help staff develop their capabilities and potential to fulfill their job role and purpose. To identify my preferred learning style I undertook the Honey and Momford (1986) learning styles questionnaire and identified my preferred learning style as a strong reflector and a pragmatist and a moderate preference as that of a theorist. The best way that a reflector would learn is by observing individuals or group at work. They usually review what has happened and think about what they have learned, prefer doing tasks with tight deadlines. However a reflector learns less when acting as a leader or role playing. Doing things with no time to prepare and while being thrown at deep ends. Using the Gibbs model of reflection (1988) I was able to describe an incident which helped me learn about a new experience. The incident took place at the lecture hall 7020 in my university. I had an opportunity to learn about communication and personality. I learned about the Myer’s-Brigg’s inventory on the types of personalities and the dichotomies which elicited the personality traits. I thought about the dichotomy and was able to relate and identify my personality trait. Before learning about the inventory on personality I was not aware of my traits. The experience has helped me to understand and make me aware of myself and also to regard different personalities other than mine. Thus helping me to understand people with different personality traits and build up a harmonious interaction. The learning has helped me formulate an action in my personal development plan to enable me to inspire others as a leader and empower them. The Gibb’s cycle (1988) is a cyclic al process; it’s easy to understand and is very malleable and flexible. All the most Gibb’s cycle has helped me develop a personal development plan action. The Myers-Briggs type indicator is based on the Carl Jung’s theory of personality. The model identifies human behavior and personality styles in four dimensions. Bar and Bar (1989) who did study and administered Myers-Briggs type indicators in various managers and executives suggested that leaders must develop excellence in all eight areas to maintain consistent leadership. The dimensions are life attitude under which categories are extroversion or introversion. The second dimension is perception under which the category is sensing or intuiting. The third dimension is judgment under which categories of thinking or feeling are described. The fourth dimension is outer world orientation which holds categories of judging or perceiving. The core issue of leadership throughout the essay exemplifies the dynamic nature of leadership. The reflective learning process is a very important aspect of leadership within health care Transformational and transactional leadership qualities are regarded to the lie within leadership ability which demands high quality care Avolio and Bass (1998). The learning style helps a leader to understand the specific learning needs by developing a personal development plan involving reflective thinking. Great leader are not made and not born. REFERENCES Atkins, S. and Murphy, K. (1994)’ Reflective Practice ‘, nursing standard, 8(39), pp: 49-50. Bass, B.M. , Avolio, B.J. , and Goodheim , L. (1987) Biography and the assessment of transformational leadership at the world – class level , journal of management, 13(1), pp: 17-19. Bennis, W. (1989) Why leaders can’t lead. San Francisco: Jossey-Boss. Bernis, W. and Nannes, B. (1985) Leaders: the strategies for taking charge. London: Harper and Row. Bitpipe.com (2006), Leadership (IT management leadership) definition from http://www.bitpipe.com/list/leadership.html(accessed on May 5th 2011). Bond, D., Keogh, C. and Walter, D. (Eds) (1985) Reflection: Turning experience into learning, Kogan Page, London. Burns, J.M. (2003) Transforming Leadership. Newyork NY: Groove/ Atlantic Inc. Cook, C. (2003) The many faces of diversity: Overview and summary, online journal of issues in nursing, 8(1) accessed on 7th May 2011, http://www.nursingworld.org/ojin/topic20/tpc20ntr.htm. Dewey, J (1933) how we think. Boston MA: Dc Health and co. Feidler, F. (1967) A theory of leadership effectiveness. Newyork: Mc Graw- Hill. Ghaye, T. and Lillyman, S. (1997) Learning Journal of critical incidents: Reflective practice for health care professionals, Sallisburry: Mark Ellen Publications. Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by doing: A guide to learning and teaching methods. Birmingham: Sced. Gofee, R. and Jones, G. (2000) Why should anyone be led by you?, Harvard business review, 78(5), pp: 63- 70. Greenleaf, R.K. (1977), Servant leadership: A journey in the nature of legitimate power and greatness. Newyork: Panlist. Hay group (2007) Nurse Leadership: being nice is not enough. London: Hay group. Hersey, D. and Blanchard, K.H (1988) Management of organizational behavior: utilizing human resources, 5th edn. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall. Hughes, R.L., Ginnet, R.C. and Curphy, G.J. (2006) Leadership enhancing the lessons of experience, 5th edn. Boston: Mcgraw Hill. Hurley, J. and Linsley, P. (2007) ‘Leadership challenges to move nurses towards collaborative individualism within a neocorporate beauraucratic environment’, Journal of Nursing Management, 15, pp: 749-755. Johns, C. (1994) ‘Nuances of reflection’, journal of clinical nursing, 3, pp: 71-75. Kembler, D. (2006) Reflective teaching and learning in health profession. Oxford: Blackwell science ltd. Kenmore, P. (2008) ‘Applied leadership’, nursing management, 15(1), pp: 24-26. Kotter, J.P. (1990) A force for change: How leadership differs from managementFreepress: Newyork. Kouzes, J.M. and Posner, B.Z. (1987) The Leadership Challenge: How to get extraordinary things done in organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass publishers. Longnecker, P.D. (2006), Evaluating transformational leadership skills in hospice executives, American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 23(3), pp: 205-211 Louden, w. (1991) Understanding Teaching. London: Cassell. Marquis, L.B. and Huston, J.C. (2009) Leadership roles and management functions in nursing. China: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Mc Guire, E. and Kennerly, S.M. (2006) Nurse Managers are transformational and transactional leaders, Nursing Economics, 24(9), pp: 179-186. Mezirow, J. (1983) ‘Critical theory of adult learning and education’ in education for adults, vol (1), Ed MTight, Croomhelen, London. Moon, A.J. (2002) reflections in learning and professional development. London: Kogan page. Northhouse, P.G. (1997) Leadership: Theory and practice. San Francisco CA: Sage. Smyth, J. (1989) ‘Developing and sustaining critical reflection in teacher’s education’, journal of teacher education, 40(2), pp: 2-9. Sullivan, E.J. and Garland, G. (2010) Practical Leadership and Management in Nursing, 7th edn, London: Prentice Hall. Taylor, V. (2007) ‘Leadership for service improvement’, Nursing Management, 13(9), pp: 30-34. Tomney, M.A. (1993) Transformational leadership in nursing. Missouri: Mosby. Weihrich, H., Koontz, H. (2005) Management: A global perspective, 11th edn. Singapore: Mc Graw Hill. Wilding, M.P. (2008) Reflective practice: A learning tool for student nurse, British Journal of Nursing, 17(11), pp: 721-724. 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Ethics Analysis and Critical Thinking Unnamed Aerial Vehicles

Question: Describe about the Ethics Analysis and Critical Thinking for Unnamed Aerial Vehicles. Answer: Drones or Unnamed Aerial vehicles (UAVs) are the remotely controlled military aircraft that are used for two major purposes, one is for attacks and the other is fro surveillance. They are generally controlled by the operators who are sitting at thousands of miles away from the site of attack or surveillance. However, in the recent times, several controversies have emerged in the use of drones and much of it is ethical in context to the use of the drones for targeted killings of individuals and invasion of privacy. The drones are also used extensively for scientific research, for geophysics surveys and terrain mapping, track the endangered species and monitoring the changes in the behaviour and habitats in wildlife. It is also used for extending help in the disaster situations especially during firebreaks because it facilitates in rescuing individuals without the use of humans since the drones can easily fly over impassable roads and can detail the situation. In addition to the above benefits, there is also a major concern that is associated with the use of drones. For example, the drones are characterized with the potentiality of performing the tasks that were previously performed by the humans. So, the use of drones is not looked upon in a favourable manner since its possibility to take the jobs of the people. The recent study conducted by PWC also puts forward the fact that the commercial application of drones would replace nearly $127 billion worth of services and labour in the future time (PwC, 2016). There is another major concern that is related to the use of drones and it is the increasing public policy issue in context to the use of drones and its impact on the right to privacy (McKelvey et al., 2015). The drones have the ability to loiter over a specific region for long hours and thus it is looked upon as the best option of persistent surveillance. So it tends to increase the scope of visual surveillance and also enhances the degree of invasiveness in context to the actions like recording, observation, transmission and tracking the behaviour of indivuals (Clarke, 2014). So, when the drone is operated to fly over a specific region, it facilitates in collecting vast amount of data and can also facilitate with sensitive information regarding private property and private behaviour of the individuals. So, in this context it can be said that there exists a need for a regulatory regime for protecting the privacy keeping in mind the fact that the regulatory regime should not constrai n the drone application until and unless it is justified (Butler, 2014). Is Artificial Intelligence a Threat to Humanity? After the report published by the World Economic Forum, it is perceived by various individuals that artificial intelligence possess threat to the human beings since it possess the ability to take over the tasks and actions performed by the human beings (Guitton, 2014). Moreover, it has also been advocated that artificial intelligence can poses a real threat to humanity. However, till recent time, it has become clear that there are various questions that still need to be answered and the questions are like: Is it really possible to develop such conscious machines that possess the ability to think and feel? What is actual meaning of conscious? What does intelligence actually mean? What would be the impact of the combination of internet of things and intelligence? So, in an attempt of defining intelligence, it can be said that intelligence can be defined as the ding the right thing at the right time in flexible manner since it facilitates in surviving in proactive manner and enhancing the productivity in each and every aspect of life. Moreover intelligence can also be categorized into rational intelligence used for performing tasks like solving complex problems, playing chess and making decisions about the future, social intelligence used for performing social and courteous behaviour and finally emotional intelligence used for emotional reactions towards other individuals. So, in this context it can be said that human brains are smartly wired in order to perform certain tasks and most of the actions of human beings are automatic and reflexive. There are various actins for which we do not need to be conscious and it is the human brain that is always involved in the process of analyzing, assimilating and implementing the instructions. So, it is difficult rather impossible to develop and program robots who can perform the actions that are typically and easy endeavour for the human brain (Martnez-Miranda and Aldea, 2005). Moreover, even though the development of artificial intelligence can to some extent make the life of human beings easy, but the major concern is that it should be efficiently used and used in manner for productive purposes and not for destructive purposes. Again, the robots lacking much intelligence can be a deadly deal. This has been evident from the report published by The Financial Times. A technician was working with a co-worker to install an industrial robot and in the process he was attacked by the robot (Financial Times, 2015). The technician was within the safety cage and this is done in such processes with the intention to keep people at a distance. Thus the cause of the incident cannot be related to the wish of the machine to harm the technician, but it did happen. So, in this context, it can be said that human error can be considered to be a better bet. References Financial Times. (2015).Worker at Volkswagen plant killed in robot accident. [online] Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/0c8034a6-200f-11e5-aa5a-398b2169cf79 [Accessed 5 Oct. 2016]. Guitton, M. (2014). Artificial vs. enhanced intelligence: Computer or human behavior?.Computers in Human Behavior, 31, pp.332-333. InformationWeek. (2015).The Threat Of Artificial Intelligence. [online] Available at: https://www.informationweek.com/mobile/mobile-devices/the-threat-of-artificial-intelligence/a/d-id/1321188 [Accessed 5 Oct. 2016]. Martnez-Miranda, J. and Aldea, A. (2005). Emotions in human and artificial intelligence.Computers in Human Behavior, 21(2), pp.323-341. Butler, D. (2014).The dawn of the age of the drones: An Australian privacy law perspective.TheUniversity of New South Wales Law Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2, 2014: 434-470. Clarke, R. (2014).The regulation of civilian drones impacts on behavioural privacy.Computer Law Security Review,30(3), 286-305. McKelvey, N., Diver, C., Curran, K. (2015).Drones and Privacy.International Journal Of Handheld Computing Research,6(1), 44-57. PwC (2016).Clarity from above PwC global report on the commercial applications of drone technology.PwC.Retrieved from https://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/PWC/DocumentAssets/433056.pdf

tragmac Free Tragic Irony in Shakespeares Essay Example For Students

tragmac Free: Tragic Irony in Shakespeares Essay Macbeth Macbeth essaysThe Tragic Irony of Macbeth There are many types of irony used in Macbeth. Without the irony, the tragedywould not be quite so tragic. One type of irony used in Macbeth is verbal irony. This is when a character saysone thing and means the opposite. Examples of this are when Macbeth says to Banquo,Tonight we hold a solemn supper, sir, And Ill request your presence (III, i, 13-14) orwhen he says Fail not our feast (III, i, 28). Verbal irony makes the play more tragicbecause, if the reader understands the irony of what a character is saying, then the reader can see the true nature and intentions of the character. Another type of irony Shakespeare used is the irony of a situation. This is whenthe results of an action or event are different than what is expected. One example is whenMacduff is speaking with Malcolm about the tragedies in Scotland, not knowing that hisfamily has been murdered. We will write a custom essay on tragmac Free: Tragic Irony in Shakespeares specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He says: Let us ratherHold fast the mortal sword, and like good menBestride our down-falln birthdom. Each new mornNew widows howl, new orphans cry, new sorrowsStrike heaven on the face, that it resoundsAs if it felt with Scotland and yelled outLike syllable of dolor (IV, iii, 4-7). Macduff, ironically, is remarking on new widows howling, not aware of the factthat he is a widower. This presents a great deal of irony to the reader, as well as a tragicsituation. Dramatic irony is also used in Macbeth. This type of irony is when there is acontradiction between what characters of the play do, and what the reader knows willhappen. In Macbeth, an example is the pleasantry with which Duncan, the King, speaks ofInverness. This pleasantry is a facade, because little does Duncan know, but the plot tomurder him is being hatched and will be carried out here at Inverness. How ironic for thereader, and how tragic, to hear Duncan say: This castle hath a pleasant seat; the airNimbly and sweetly recommends itselfUnto our gentle senses. (I, iv, 1-3). Finally, irony of Fate is used. This is when a result defeats the purpose of anevent. For example, because of Macbeths reaction to seeing Banquos ghost in Act IIIscene iv is so dramatic and violent, he casts suspicion onto himself, instead of gainingpersonal security. He casts suspicion by asking which of you have done this? and thenanswering his own question with Thou canst not say I did it. Never shake Thy gorylocks at me (III, iv, 49, 51-52). This is tragic, for Macbeth ruins his goal of security and ends up casting more doubt upon himself. Macbeth would not be tragic without irony. Irony pulls at the strings of thereaders heart. Whether the irony makes the tragic hero seem more villainous, or makestheir downfall seem more tragic, it certainly helps the tragedy have a less clear cutemotional response.

Colonial American Travel Narratives essays

Colonial American Travel Narratives essays In Wendy Martins Colonial American Travel Narratives, she develops an underlining theme of social stratification. The narratives in this series of writings develop a clear class system. Each Author whether Mary Rowlandson, Sarah Kemble Knight, William Byrd, Alexander Hamilton all have different styles of narratives and different developments in social classes. In A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, Mary Rowlandson describes her captivity and her release. Mary Rowlandson was a devoted Christian and a mother of three. Rowlandsons story starts with her tragic abduction, in which the Narragansett Indians raid her village. In the raid, Rowlandson herself was wounded, while her sister was shot, and her daughter Sarah, would died due to wounds inflicted during the abduction. Twelve of her close family and friends within the house were killed by either gunshot or the Narragansett Indians knockd on the head (11). Rowlandson would be separated from the rest of her family. These Barbarous Creatures (12) as Rowlandson would describe them, took her from Indian village to Indian village. Rowlandson would then become a type of slave being sold to a high chief Quannopin. The first week of living in amongst the Narragansett Indians Mary hardly ate anything, the second week her stomach grew faint. Rowlandson w ould refer to the Indian food as filthy trash, (19) yet in the next sentence she states, They were pleasant and savory.(19) Rowlandson would learn to adapt with the Indian. Mary used her sowing skills to get food and tried not to make the Indians mad enough to kill her. After eleven weeks and five days of captivity the Narragansett Indians will then sell Mary Rowlandson to her husband for twenty pounds. Rowlandsons main strength in this narrative comes from the bible she receives. Rowlandson uses scriptures to reflect her ...

Health Families, Localities and Societies Essay

Health Families, Localities and Societies - Essay Example Localities differ in living, economic and cultural standards that inhibit some individuals to truly adopt precise measures for maintaining their health. However, this is the part where schools need to step in, because these are schools that may provide children with the better knowledge of health issues and the most relevant ways of addressing them (Finlay, Pearson & Ram, 2009). Beginning with the actual implementation of an environment that endorses better health, schools can introduce an offering of a nutritionally balanced diet through the cafeteria and canteen foods. By having salad bars, whole-wheat products, fruits etc at cafeteria counters for students in place of sugary or fried contents can build the air of awareness to an extent. Students, especially children, are prone to learn more quickly when they are subjected to an environment that promotes that learning. In these ways, schools can provide children with practical experience in nutrition – skills widely regarded as essential for healthy living (Finlay, Pearson & Ram, 2009). Considering the example of Kate from chapter five who experienced a change in her lifestyle and her behavior as her school introduced better food for meals. The facilities and services that Kate’s school offered her resulted in the betterment of her health and life. Offering a balanced diet to students as in the case of Kate’s school can progressively enhance the student’s health (Finlay, Pearson & Ram, 2009). Additional efforts from schools are required in the form of fitness awareness. The past years in British schools have been marked with the growing health awareness and the implementation of a greater variety of sports options than in the past (Finlay, Pearson & Ram, 2009). Sports facilities have not only proven to be a great way of enhancing individual health and fitness, it has also been of a greater attraction

The Wyre School Sport Partnership Programme The Changing Role of the Essay

The Wyre School Sport Partnership Programme The Changing Role of the Physical Education Teacher - Essay Example The programme illustrates the government's attempts to create a collaborative approach between the Department of Culture, Media and Sport and the Department of Education and Skills, as well as other key agencies. The emphasis on such initiatives has gained momentum only since 1990's. There have been major investments made in sport in schools, which reflect a commitment from the Blair and Major governments. The success of this programme rests to a large extent, with the PE teachers who serve as a distribution channel for this initiative. Their new role as School Sport Co-ordinator confers on them, managerial and leadership responsibilities that they have not handled before. How PE teachers perceive their new role, their reactions and reflections, will impact the success of the implementation process of the School Sport Partnership Programme. The challenge that is posed for the PE teacher in the changed scenario is to not just supervise lessons, but also promote physical education to students. If PE staff is to work as a catalyst to ensure the success of this initiative, then they need to be encouraged to adopt a broader view of physical activity behaviour and understand their role in PE promotion. This calls for a study that will generate ideas to help PE staff don on the new role, and will provide an insight into PE staff's ability to manage change and successfully accomplish the conferred responsibility of leadership. To obtain an insight into the perceptions of the PE staff, and understand how the interpretation of the policy by PE staff impacts the realization of School Sport Partnership Programme's objectives, a qualitative research is proposed at the Wyre School. The study will be ethnographic in nature, based on interviews and data gathered through observations. The study will also influence my own role as a Partnership Development Manager by offering an insight into the motivations of the team that I work with, which will help in better management of the team to achieve common goals. The final research report will be presented in the form of a thesis. Review of Literature Sport Partnership Programmes The School Sport Partnership Programme is the government's initiative designed to raise standards in schools through an improved and coordinated delivery of PE and sport. School Sport Partnerships bring together multiple schools, clubs, local authorities, national governing bodies of sport and other community organisations under one umbrella, to provide opportunities in sport for students. Thus it increases sporting opportunities for young people by linking school PE and sporting opportunities in the community. The philosophy guiding the initiation of this programme is that of social inclusion, which encourages participation in sports of all young people, and especially those who have been under represented. It is planned that by 2006, every school in England will be part of one of 400 partnerships. The partnership comprises: Full time Partnership Development Manager (PDM) Teachers from secondary school who take on the role of the School Sport Co-ordinator (SSCOs) (allocated two days a week) Teacher from primary school to become

House Parties with Under Age Drinking Research Paper

House Parties with Under Age Drinking - Research Paper Example Decreasing the prevalence of this would involve tightening current laws and policies as well as increasing monitoring, so that it is known more often when underage youth are being provided with alcohol. Introduction One important issue affecting the youth of today is drinking behavior, in particular underage drinking behavior. Currently the legal age for drinking in the United States is 21 years of age. However, there are a wide range of contexts in which individuals below the drinking age obtain alcohol, often through adults or individuals that are above the legal drinking age. There is a large amount of concern that the amount of underage youths that are drinking, and the amount of alcohol that they are consuming. On average young people appear to be drinking alcohol more frequently and are drinking more each time they do drink . One circumstance that this occurs in are house parties. The term house party covers a large range of situations, but can generally be considered a social gathering that occurs at someone’s place of residence. This can range from a couple of friends, through to more than 100 people. Often house parties are held by and for young adults, with college and high school students attending. The Prevalence of Underage Drinking Underage drinking is extremely prevalent even by the time that children reach the senior years of high school. Around 30% of seniors at high school report heavy drinking at least once per month, and 40% of full-time college students aged between 18 and 22 report heavy drinking. These statistics are alarming, as almost all of those children and young adults are below the minimum age for drinking. In addition, there are many harmful consequences of drinking and these are often amplified in younger drinkers, in part due to lower tolerances of alcohol and also less life experience . In 1984 an act was passed that encouraged each state to set their minimum drinking age to 21. By 1988, the minimum drinking age for all states was 21 . Alcohol is a significant factor in the deaths and unintentional injuries for many youth aged 15- to 20-, with the rate of drunk drivers under 21 twice that of adult drivers. As well as injury, there are many other costs of underage drinking, including problems at school, pregnancies and sexual diseases as a consequence of unsafe sexual practices and severe alcohol addiction . Why is Underage Drinking so Prevalent? Alcohol is widely available and easily obtainable for adults over the age of 21 through a number of different types of locations, including many that allow off premises consumption. There are little limitations in the quantity of alcohol that an adult can by, and no way of knowing what an adult intends to do with the alcohol that they buy. Despite the age restriction, alcohol is easy to obtain for those underage. Between 30 and 70 percent of outlets may sell to underage buyers, depending on the particular outlet and the location. Another common source of al cohol for underage drinkers is at parties where alcohol has been provided and the youths at the party have been left unsupervised . Drinking of alcohol is heavily advertised as beneficial, a method of socialization and of relaxing, and these advertisements affect youth as much or more than they do their target audience. In addition to this the enforcement of the minimum

Autism And The Family Dynamic Social Work Essay

Autism And The Family Dynamic Social Work Essay In the public perception, the word autism conjures up an image of a person rocking back and forth, hands flapping in front of eyes that seem to focus in an unknown space a person remote from and disinterested in the social milieu. For many years, professional descriptions, definitions, and common assumptions about people with autism have reinforced that image and named the unusual ways of moving and acting as behaviors. Within the professional world that arranges and provides support for people with autism, the word behavior often became shorthand for bizarre, bad, repetitive, self-stimulatory, or useless ways of spending time. This paper is going to address the fundamental definition of Autism, Aspergers in particular, how the family functions, social support, and making meaning of adversity. It is important to begin with the fundamental definition of Autism since there are many slang terms in circulation such as retard, idiot, dumb, etc. that are used to describe an Autistic individual. It is important to clarify this. In the 1940s, researchers in the United States began to use the term autism to describe children with emotional or social problems. Leo Kanner, a doctor from Johns Hopkins University, used it to describe the withdrawn behavior of several children he studied. At about the same time, Hans Asperger, a scientist in Germany, identified a similar condition thats now called Aspergers syndrome.  [1]  One symptom common to all types of autism is an inability to easily communicate and interact with others. In fact, some people with autism are unable to communicate at all. Others may have difficulty interpreting body language or holding a conversation. Most children with severe autism are diagnosed by age three. Some children with milder forms of autism, such as Aspergers syndrome, may not be diagnosed until later, when their problems with social interaction cause difficulties at school as well as at home. In the article Accommodation, resistance and transcendence: three narrative of autism by David E. Gray he states that the effects of one childs autism on her family, however, went beyond the damage she caused to their home. Her problems also prevented the childs mother from obtaining employment outsider her home, and, consequently, the family was forced to live modestly on a government pension.  [2]  This excerpt from this article shows that autism does have an effect on the family dynamic, in this example a negative one. In fact, the description of autism is too often a teleological exercise with the same symptoms used to both describe and explain it. When one asks why the person displays autistic symptoms, one is told that he does it because he has autism, or because he does not have a theory of mind module, which is why he is autis tic, and his autism is why he does what he does.  [3]   Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that has received much attention in the popular press. Until recently how a family deals with autism was never a topic that doctors were concerned with. The autism diagnosis is a very dramatic diagnosis on a family and has a major effect on how they cope and function. Of course there are many stressors which impact families of children with autism which need to be addressed. It is important for families to understand the sources of stress and how to deal with those stressors so they are more readily available mentally and emotionally to help their children. In this research for this paper I have found five categories of stressors which have impacted families and therefore affects the family dynamic. These five stressors can be found in the article Stress and Coping in Autism. Transitional stress is considered the beginning stress. Transitional stressors are defined as those which come during times of change in family dynamics and roles.  [4]  Transitional issues related to diagnosis, entering school and leaving school may create confusion and conflict in families. Upon diagnosis typical reactions include shock, disbelief, denial and anger. While this diagnosis may confirm something the parents already suspected, in my personal situation it was a relief to finally put a name to something, it doesnt provide parents with any information about what the diagnosis means for their childs progress and development. This therefore puts a stress on the family dynamic. The second stressor that I came across in my research is the family functioning stress. This suggests that having a child or family member with autism can positively, negatively or neutrally impact family function.  [5]  According to this article there are eight main family functions: affection, self-esteem, spirituality, economics, daily care, socialization, recreation and education.  [6]  Stress can be caused by a family not being able to meet their need in one or more of these areas. The third stressor is emotional stress. Experiencing this first hand, following an autism diagnosis many parents and family members will experience grief feeling states. After the initial feelings of shock, it is said per the Stress and Coping in Autism article that families are expected to go through the natural stages of grief including denial, guilt, depression, anger and anxiety. The authors of the article then state that it is anticipated that these negative feeling will eventually give way to acceptance of the situation and family reorganization.  [7]  It is thought that parents experience the stages of grief upon diagnosis because their dreams and hopes for their child have been altered. In my personal experience this is true and therefore has an effect on the family dynamic. The next stressor or fourth one in this sequence is known as the caregiving stress. The added responsibilities for parents of children with a disability include ph ysical care, medical care, constant monitoring, managing problem behaviors, and other assistance.  [8]  These additional parenting responsibilities can drain a parents time and energy which can cause them to be susceptible to stress and anxiety. The childs constant dependency on the parent, along with the thought that the dependency may not lesson over time as would be expected with a typically developing child, can add to parental stress. The final and fifth category of stressors is the stress from negative professional and societal attitudes and assumptions. The impact of negative interactions with professionals and other members of society are many times seen as the most potent stressors on families.  [9]  Society has judgmental and stereotypical attitudes about family actions or lifestyles to the point that some jobs will not hire one of those types of people. Society also has displayed negative attitudes or animosity towards parents who strongly advocate for their child . Parents are the voice for their children not only so that they are treated fairly but that they have equal access to a normal life and education. These negative attitudes and assumptions from professionals can cause feelings of being criticized, devalued and alienated. Parents can also fall victim to negative attitudes and assumptions from family members, friends, and other members of their social support network. These people may not feel comfortable around individuals with disabilities or they might not know what to day to the parents to console them during difficult times. Usually if someone knows a child with autism they are more understanding than someone who does not. For example I advise a student with autism at my place of employment and I feel I connect with this student due to dealing with the needs of my own child. I feel that I am also an advocate for this student as well. His mother has told me that I am a breath of fresh air to her son because I treat him like a pers on first and a not his disability first. A child with autism does effect the family dynamic and it is important to surround the family with support and understanding as well as a plan of action to follow. The family system is an important part of the environment of the child and plays a central role in the developmental outcome of the child as well. Studies of families with a child with autism have traditionally examined this interaction by focusing on the effect parents have on the child, not the childs effect on the parents.  [10]  Social support and support strategies are very important to maintain and support the family dynamic. Families that seek out and access personal and professional support services are able to cope with stress better. There are many kinds of support services available to families including parent social support, professional formal support, and respite care. In the article, Family Functioning and Coping Behaviors in Parents of Children with Autism by Matthew J. Altiere, he talks about mothers of children with autism who perceives social support to be accessible report fewer stress related problems and depressed symptoms than do mothers who perceive less social support.  [11]  Parent social support includes the supports parents receive from friends, relatives, neighbors, coworkers, or others. Many parents access these supports through parent support groups at which they can learn about a variety of topics and talk to other parents about their experiences raising a child with a disability. Parents can feel alone and hopeless. I belong to a social support group called ASGO (Autism Society of Greater Orlando). I too felt alone and this social group welcomed my family with open arms. Even though my husband and I were in various stages of the acceptance process we found others who accepted us. This connection helped give us hope in a time when we felt we were all alone. When a family is able to draw upon adequate resources and if they perceive the situation as manageable then the stress of raising a child with autism may never lead to a crisis. For example, the family gains support through interaction with family members and friends. On the other hand, they may withdraw from, or lack the time for, important social support activities. Thus, families with a child with autism may gradually lose their friends because of their limited availability. Realistically, social support is clearly important for families with a child with autism, although it can be difficult to find the time. There is also professional formal support which includes those services provided by community agencies and professionals. These supports can also include those services provided by a counselor, psychologist or psychiatrist to guide parents and families in coping with the stressors in their lives. One major support professionals can provide is to teach parents the skills necessary to engage in effective problem solving. Effective and efficient problem solving skills can help alleviate a lot of stress for parents because they can become part of the solution when addressing issues surrounding their children.  [12]  Respite care is a service typically provided through state funded programs. Many individuals with disabilities qualify for services through these state funded programs and families are allotted a certain number of respite hours a month to be sued when the need them. Respite care is provided to relive parents of the parenting duties for a few hours, a weekend or several da ys. Best Buddies is one of these organizations. This service can be extremely valuable to families because it allows them the freedom to get away when needed with the peace of mind that their children are in qualified and competent hands. Social support is an important tool to a family with a child who has a disability. This can also assist with the family dynamic alleviating any stressors. Making meaning of adversity is very important to the family dynamic as well. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act recognized that parents are their childs best advocates and the law includes specific rights which serve to empower parents in this advocacy role. These rights include the guarantee of a free appropriate public education, mandatory notification by school personnel for proposed changes to the childs program, ability to initiate an evaluation at any time, requirement of informed parental consent for evaluations, power to obtain an independent educational evaluation, right to review all educational records, requirement that the school must fully inform parents of their rights, participation in the development of the IEP, requirement that children be educated in the least restrictive environment, and ability to request a due process hearing to resolve differences with the school. Parents are the most natural advocates for their children because they know the child best and because increased parental participation is correlated with increased child success. Additionally, parents are more effective at advocating for their child because they are emotionally invested in their childs welfare and they are the most constant people in the childs life. When parents are involved and advocate for the rights and meaningful education of their child amazing things can happen. There are a few key principles for effective advocacy: ask for what you want, be specific and detailed in your requests, stay flexible in finding solutions to concerns, keep requests clear and concise, look at issues from the perspective of others, build and preserve your creditability, never burn any bridges and follow up. If parents are able to do these things when addressing issues with school personnel or other community members/organizations a lot of positive change can and will happen. Adaptability also is an important part of making meaning out of adversity. Adaptability measures the familys ability to change in response to a stressful situation. Typically, the modern family believes that the father/husband is the head of the household and does not assist with household responsibilities or childcare. This places a larger burden than normal on the mother, and may result in her having little time for herself or for other members of the family. On the other end of the continuum are chaotic families, which are characterized by unstable and unpredictable change. In chaotic families, the rules may be constantly changing. There may not be a consistent leader and frequent role changes. One cannot dismiss the value of the ability to change with the appearance of sudden stressors, but this family style lacks the constancy needed when caring for a child with autism. Parents with children with disabilities differ significantly in their rating of the familys adaptability and cohesion. The mothers rated the families as more adaptable and cohesive. For mothers and fathers, greater parenting stress was associated with poorer family functioning. However, autism affects the family system differently than other childhood disorders. For example, studies that compare the stress in families with a child with autism to families of children with other disorders indicate that the families of children with autism experience more stress, depression, and anxiety.  [13]  The study in this article allows for the analysis of how autism affects the family system using the constructs of cohesion and adaptability. A goal of this study was to compare the perceptions of mothers and fathers on their coping mechanisms and the functioning of their family.  [14]  The high level of social support reported by mothers in this sample is encouraging because mothers of ch ildren with autism who perceive more social support experience less somatic problems and depressive symptoms. In contrast, many mothers indicated that their social support came from other mothers they met though support groups and related functions. During the past decade, a number of family researchers have been interested in finding why some families facing adversity manage to function well and come out stronger, while others when faced with a similar situation do not. Resilience has been described as the ability to withstand hardship and rebound from adversity, becoming more strengthened and resourceful. The concept of family resilience and its focus on factors leading to a familys well-functioning in view of a crisis is part of a movement in positive psychology towards identifying factors of health as opposed to factors of pathology.  [15]  Family resilience has been looked at either as an interaction of two groups of risk and protective factors. Although family resilience has not been directly studied in the disability field, there is increasing evidence that families of children with disabilities demonstrate a great degree of strength, articulating the positive contributions of disability to their familys life and well -being. Parents in the study reported stronger marriages, healthy family outcomes and acquisition of gained friendship networks with other families who had children with disabilities. My sons autism has made our family life tougher, emotionally and financially. Each member has to devote additional time and effort to help him, and learn how to live peacefully in such environment. Through working together, we all learned how to help my son tougher. In some sense, this also makes our family closer, because an individual cannot handle the toughness alone.  [16]  In other situations, working together led to more understanding and, possibly, stronger relationships between the members: My marriage is much stronger. We tend to fight less about little things because our focus is on our son. We realize the importance of staying together because our son benefits from both our strengths. We take care of ourselves through diet and exercise and plan evenings and dinners out every Saturday to get through the rough times. We cannot imagine life without our son. We are grateful to have him in our lives.  [17]   Some families found that autism in one of the children brought the siblings closer together, to the degree that some siblings sacrificed their personal freedom to care for their sibling with autism. For families to be able to work together and utilize their resources well, they must have had two other qualities: being flexible and communicating well with one another. These two qualities are necessary, because family members need to be flexible enough to accept necessary role and responsibility changes as a result of diagnosis of their child with a disability, and need to communicate with each other in order to successfully meet new demands on the family. A great number of families not only perceived them as close and untied, but also managed to adjust and function well over time. Within the last two decades, numerous individuals with autism have shared their unique experiences of living with autism resulting in a plethora of published first-hand accounts. Many professionals are seeking out and listening to these individuals to better understand this complex disorder. Individuals have been able to share their experiences through interviews, personal communication, and published accounts. These accounts come from individuals who can speak or type independently. In almost every first-hand account, individuals with autism report the experience of the stress of living in bodies that often do not work and move the way they want them to, resulting in extreme anxiety in their day-to-day lives. It is important to understand the family dynamic is impacted with a child who has a disability, in particular autism. Each family must take their own approach in regards to their individual needs in regards to what works for them. They also need to play into the roles of the household, for example if the father is the stay at home parent, he needs to use his role as a father to assist the child with a father attachment. Since the father is the primary care giver until the mother returns home from work, or whatever the situation might be. Each role needs to be embraced and when frustrations arise they need to be dealt with in a productive manner and not lead to unrest or divorce within the house hold. Honor Code: On my honor, I have not given or received, nor witnessed any unauthorized assistance on this work. Heidi Soflkiancs-Shugg Electronically Signed 12/7/2012

The Japanese Colonial Legacy In Korea Essay -- essays research papers

The Japanese Colonial Legacy In Korea North and South Korea are nations that while filled with contempt for Japan have used the foundations that Japan laid during the colonial period to further industrialization. Japan's colonization of Korea is critical in understanding what enabled Korea to industrialize in the period since 1961. Japan's program of colonial industrialization is unique in the world. Japan was the only colonizer to locate various heavy industry is in its colonies. By 1945 the industrial plants in Korea accounted for about a quarter of Japan's industrial base. Japan's colonization of Korea was therefore much more comparable to the relationship between England and Ireland then that of European colonization of Asia or Africa. Japan's push to create colonial industry lead Japan to build a vast network of railroads, ports, and a system of hydro- electric dams and heavy industrial plants around the Yalu River in what is now North Korea. The Japanese to facilitate and manage the industrialization of a colony also put in place a strong central government. Although Japan's colonial industrialism in Korea was aimed at advancing Japanese policies and goals and not those of the Korean populace; colonization left Korea with distinct advantages over other developing countries at the end of World War Two. Korea was left with a base for industrializing, a high level of literacy, experience with modern commerce, and close ties to Japan. Japan's colonial heavy industrial pl...

Babette’s Feast and the Power of Art Essay

When all deadlines are met and time is out in my favor, one can usually find me sitting comfortably on the couch with a bowl of popcorn on one hand and a remote control on the other. Watching movies has always been one of my favorite leisure. Although I try to see films from different parts of the world as much as I can, perhaps like the many others who belong in my generation, Hollywood movies are always top of the list. Seldom do I find fascination with other international productions especially European ones. They are slow-paced, often more serious and â€Å"less entertaining† than those produced in Hollywood. However, watching the Danish film â€Å"Babette’s Feast† made me reconsider and view European films with a different lens – one with a little more appreciation and interest. While the slow pacing is inherent to this kind of cinema, they also present a different style and meat altogether, leaving more room for its audience to think rather than just instant gratification offered by most American movies. This is very evident in Babette’s Feast. In its subtlety and simplicity, together with the use of brilliant metaphors and symbolisms, it was able to uncover the transforming power of art with beauty and sophistication. Babette’s Feast tells the story of two pious sisters whose lives were changed by their French servant, who was apparently an unspoken artist, Babette. One of the images that constantly reappear all throughout the movie, especially in the beginning, is the image of the dried fish. This symbolizes the life of Martina and Philippa and perhaps even those in the community who was devoted to the preaching of their father that to attain salvation, one must deprive himself all physical or worldly pleasures including food. They lived a life of unhealthy simplicity and unreasonable meagerness. Their simple and puritan way of living is so extreme that it has become dreary and ironically â€Å"lifeless†, like a dried fish in contrast to the delectable meal of Babette in the end. Another powerful symbolism is Babette’s washing of the window from the outside. It speaks to me as if Babette was trying to show the sisters what they have been missing for the longest time. Their world and their lives are similar to the dirty windows Babette were washing – dark and clouded by their austere beliefs. Because of the hyperbolic focus on spirituality, they were blinded from the beauty and joy of the outside world, from the other things that life has to offer including the love from men they rejected when they were young. Through Babette’s feast, which they initially refuted as they believed it was sinful, the sisters were opened to a new world from which they were hiding, to a reality where â€Å"righteousness and bliss [..] kiss†, where the spirit and the flesh are both nourished and nurtured without choosing or isolating one from the other. This reconciliation is symbolized by the candlelight snuffed out in the end. Aside from Babette’s art which is the sumptuous food she prepared very well, another integral element that played a significant role in the transformation of the sisters and the other members of the congregation is the character of General Loewenhielm, one of the sisters’ ex lover. If the sisters lived a deprived life, a deprivation not of accident but of choice, the general was at the other end of the spectrum. He symbolizes everything the sisters were not – luxurious and powerful. He enjoyed a life of abundance and glory. Because of this background, the general honestly and wholeheartedly enjoyed the feast while the others remained skeptical, refusing to surrender to their delight of the food. It was also the general who had this realization that there is joy both from bodily and spiritual nourishment, as he was dumfounded to partake in such kind of dinner in an unexpected place, considering it then as a grace and blessing from the heavens. All in all, Babette as an artist was successful. Like a masterpiece that brings joy to its audience, her feast was able to transform and bring love and happiness on the table, to the people who received her art. And this is what is meant by her statement, â€Å"an artist is never poor.† Her talent, which was able to transcend the material, and her ability to do her very best, is her wealth. Indeed, art has a very strong power to transform. Not only did Babette’s art transformed the characters in the story but the movie itself, as a form of art, was able to transform its viewers, me included. It may not be able to provide the â€Å"fun† from the thrilling and idealistic yet shallow plot of Hollywood movies but it was able to deliver something deeper and more delicate, something worthy of admiration and appreciation.

Coursework on Technology

Coursework on Technology Coursework on Countermeasures to mitigate exploitation of UNIX and Windows servers: Every organization utilizing the internet needs protection of its systems to ensure that the files of the organization are not destroyed by software, designed by hackers. The firm needs to have an elaborate security system to ensure that all its files are viewed by authorized personnel. The files need to be safely protected, and measures to back up the information valuable to the company, should be put in place. Loss of system files may make the system unstable, interfering with the normal working process of the business. A fortune 500 company undertakes many transactions on an annual basis, and deals with a lot of money. The company has many rivals in the market. Therefore, to protect the interests of the business, the company needs to buy a specialized security system to protect its files (Chirillo, 2002). As a security firm employed to handle the countermeasures needed to counter mitigate exploitation of UNIX and Windows servers, one of the counter measures would be application of patches and updates. This changes need to be evaluated and implemented in a timely manner with focus bearing on the effect of implementation against the effects of maintaining the current settings. Application of updates into the system mitigates both types of servers from malware, with the ability to propagate automatically. These security updates need to be applied regularly to protect the company’s information. The change selected by the security officer are tested for practicality, the changes to the servers should have defined effects on the company’s system files and incase of a problem the procedures to deal with it should be known. The update for these servers should be obtained from a secure resource. This ensures that the updates are trusted, and the company can implement the update on the servers, with ease. The source of this update may be the internal update servers that may be monitored to avoid external interference. Using internal servers to create updates for the company’s system ensures that foreign severs have limited access to the company’s files and vital information. Freeware and trials lack adequate security measures to prevent attack from foreign servers. To protect the company’s information, the company should formulate a rule to remove and avoid installation of these programs in computers in the network. This is because they offer avenues that an attacker may use to enter into the system. Depending on the servers used by the company, those programs that are not useful should be removed from the network. The company may opt for use of a strong firewall to reduce the traffic that lacks adequate authorization from reaching the servers. The firewall ensures that only those with the right security clearance have access to the information in the company’s database. Some servers are capable of transferring and storing user files and data, like windows. If the servers are used by the company, it is necessary that the users conduct detection software to detect the malware that may be in the servers. This malware shored be removed from the system to prevent it from corrupting the company’s file. Regular scans should be conducted on the system to ensure that there are no traces of unauthorized changes (Gregory, 2010). The organization should be advised to have a restoration file for all its data. A restoration file contains all the relevant information the administrator would want to restore into the system in the event of a failure that causes the system to fail. The security of the company is vital, and the system files need to be protected from unauthorized users. The secrets of the company may fall into the competitor’s hands, making the organization lose its competitive advantage. The company may also lose money through unauthorized accesses to the company’s resources. The work of the security officer is to ensure that the right measures are taken to ensure that the company’s information is safe from unauthorized users.

Changes within the Soviet Regime essays

Changes within the Soviet Regime essays Changes within the Iron Curtain of Soviet Russia varied greatly based on the individual in power. Stalin represented a conservative and nationalist regime, which was later de-Stalinized by Nikkita Khrushchev. Yet this change was also reversed in some ways when Loenid Brezhnev took power and began the move to industrialization once again. Along with periods of relative nuclear peace, Brezhnev also planted the seeds of tension in Afghanistan where it continues to fester even today. As the 1920s dwindled, Stalin began implementing a complete socialist renovation within the borders of the Soviet Union. He manipulated party politics to eliminate his rivals and placed himself in ultimate power. During his First Five-Year Plan, Stalin began to quickly industrialize the lagging Russian country side. He also centralized the nations economy and nationalized small businesses and industries, (U.S. Library of Congress, 1989). Stalin also manipulated the unions within the labor forces to become more of a machine which increased the amount of work done by each individual worker. Poor farmers had their land seized and allocated them into collected farms controlled by the state. This brought back the painful memories of the long held Russian era of serfdom, and really proved not much different. In fact, Stalin even destroyed the wealthiest peasants, the kulaks, in order to prevent an uprising, (U.S. Library of Congress, 1989). Later, Stalin implemented his Second Fi ve-Year Plan which placed greater attention to manufacturing consumer goods to strengthen the economy. However, much effort went to strengthening industrialization and building a super army which would later be respected and feared around the globe-all at the expense of his own people. Stalins foreign policies echoed the terror and iron-clad cruelty of his domestic policies. In fact, many researchers believe that Stalin over exaggerated the Soviet&...

Assignment4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assignment4 - Assignment Example Saxophones are a common instrument in the contemporary society. Thus, the instrument can be found in musical classes or other Jazz sessions. The shiny nature of the instrument portrays it as an artistic masterpiece that arouses varied feelings on musical players. The instrument was originally intended for military and classical musical purposes. Owing to the versatility of the instrument, musicians in other genres around the globe are now playing the saxophone. Consequently, musicians in the avant-garde, classical, jazz, and pop and rock are playing the saxophone. The instrument can sound wild and poignant or smooth and stifling (Stewart et al., 5). The instrument can seamlessly blend into any joint, be it jazz big bands or orchestras. Moreover, the saxophone blends into the ensemble rock band solos or jazz quartets. Musicians in the contemporary world are trying to stretch the instruments into accommodating virtually every genre of music. Thus, the saxophone is steadily finding novel purpose in many genres of music. The design features of the saxophone depict an exceptional work of art. The design features appear attractive from the outward look to the inner features that create sound. The saxophone is a wind instrument of the nature of a conical bore. The instrument has a varying that increases from one end to the other (Hippe, 40). Thus, the instrument begins with a single diameter in one end that expands proportionately to the lowermost end of the instrument. By contrast, cylindrical instruments such as the clarinet, maintain uniform diameters in the whole length of the instrument. The varied design features of the saxophone have inner functionalities besides the outward looks. Conical bore instruments characteristically produce mellower and warmer qualities of tone compared to cylindrical instruments. Although saxophones are typically constructed using brass, plastic, gold and silver can also be utilized in the construction (Hippe,

Different approaches to performance management Essay

Different approaches to performance management - Essay Example Performance management is using by countries such GDP, organizations and individuals. Performance management is troubled to get the best performance from person, but goes extra in that it also aspire to get the best performance from the team and from the organization as an entire (R. Wayne Mondy). Performance management derives from the human resource management approach as a strategic and incorporated approach to the management and growth of people. The procedure of recognize, evaluating and mounting the work performance of employees in the organization, so that the organizational purpose and objectives are more efficiently achieved, while at the similar time benefiting employees in terms of credit, receiving feedback, catering for labor needs and offering career leadership. This definition emphasizes that performance management is a procedure. We can see the exemplify following: From this definition, we can believe that performance management is worried by means of humanizing not only the performance of the individual, but also the performance of the team and the organization. ... gnificant thing of performance management is set up a system in which individuals and groups take blame for the continuous development of commerce processes, and of their own skills and contributions. 2.2 The Objectives of Performance Management System 2.2.1 Discrimination A manager must try to discriminate objectively between those who are contributing to the achievement of the organization's objectives and those who are not. In other word, a manager must be talented to appraisal an individual's past performance and assess strengths, level of effort and areas to reward and expand subordinates. Here the focal point is on what the employee has really done in the past, and an effort is made to build on the employee's strengths and make development in other areas so that the employee can carry out more efficiently in the future (Dessler, 1999). 2.2.2 Reward For performance to be encouraged, rewards are necessary. When a managers reward a part of subordinates for their past work, other subordinate will recognized they must work harder in the future. Reward is also a useful tool for motivate employees, suing a system like performance-related pay, to best performance at work. 2.2.3 Development The third objective of the performance management is growth. It includes expand person, term and organization. Performance management as a system concerns not only just for the past, but also for the future. When employees reach their full potential, the organization can also benefit fully from their abilities and contributions (Arthur Sherman, 1998, p.323). 2.2.4 Communication As a two ways system, performance management can also construct a kind of feedback flanked by employees and managers. Employee communiqu is a basic part in the system. It is because an effectual performance

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Personal Statement Example I soon came to realize that I could admire and respect those teaching professionals who are equipped, through education and experience, to provide students with a well-rounded curriculum as well as serving as advocates when the student requires additional support in a variety of different domains. This is why the university experience has been so valuable and why I continue to seek to improve my lifelong learning and worldview. Before becoming a student at Bangor University, I was enrolled at the Beijing Institute of Technology where, during the first year, I struggled to achieve more than average marks in Financial Accounting and Management Accounting. It was not because the curriculum was significantly difficult, it was simply due to my own unfamiliarity with radically different teaching methods in the UK as opposed to Chinese teaching methodology. However, I was determined to rectify what I perceived to be a minor deficiency, communicating to my tutors that I was having problems a djusting to the UK culture. Because of the aforementioned support, I was able to make the appropriate adjustment, learn about the absolute value of diversity and cultural disparity and achieve much higher marks by eliminating apprehension that once existed due to said lack of knowledge about the UK educational and social environment. I ultimately scored an 80 in Finance in my 2012-2013 academic year which was, in my opinion, a significant achievement and improvement of which I am quite pleased. It was, again, through the excellence of those engaged in the university experience that allowed me to exceed any boundaries and find personal fulfillment associated with high achievement. The university experience has given me many new perspectives and assisted in broadening my scope of knowledge that, today, allows me to successfully examine a variety of academic theories and effectively apply them to real life business and social scenarios. Some of this growth can be attributed to my volun teer work at the Beijing Institute of Technology in which I was responsible for introducing new students to the campus lifestyle and assisting them in adjusting to the living conditions of the campus and accommodating their needs to improve study and general lifestyle. It was my responsibility to map out efficient routes between the main study buildings, restaurants and any other campus-related need, thus essentially serving as a student-to-student advocate of which I received much appreciation and friendship development. Through this volunteer program at BIT, I further enhanced knowledge of cultural diversity and the absolute importance of embracing diversity in both an academic and social context. I am greatly satisfied with the outcomes that I experienced in the volunteer program which not only equipped me with a better understanding of human needs and behaviours, but also enhancing my preparation and management skills. On a personal note, I have a wide variety of hobbies that he lp to cultivate my abilities and further expose me to cultural differences within a social context. I am well-skilled in dance and in piano which not only allow me to embrace the beauty of the arts, but also improve intrinsic drive and ambition to succeed. I have found that my involvement in the arts serves as a motivational force that continues to further develop my capabilities as dance and piano require deep commitment and determination, which are two success

Of Mice & Men - Character Analysis Essay Example for Free

Of Mice Men Character Analysis Essay During chapter two of the novel Of Mice and Men, we are introduced to another six different characters as George and Lennie begin work on a farm. These characters are the boss, his son, Curley and Curleys wife, and the other itinerants Candy, Slim and Carlson. The first of these characters that we meet is Candy. Candy Is introduced as an old man with a physical disability. Out of the sleeve came a round stick-like wrist, but no hand. His physical description shows that he cannot work on a farm, and we find out later that he has been demoted to a cleaner. Candys behaviour and the way he speaks links to each other. At first he seems a bit hostile towards George and Lennie as he doesnt really welcome them. He then starts to talk to them properly and tells them about the ranch. Candy doesnt really have any moral values. When he talks about the way the black stable buck is beaten up by the boss, instead of expressing concern he laughs and jokes about it. This shows that he is very biased. George and Lennie and Candy get on right from the start, but George is very angry after the interview when Candy eavesdrops on a conversation between George and Lennie. Candy is a very lonely man with no family. The only thing of significance to him is his dog, who is very much in parallel to him. The dog is very old and half-blind. Both are disabled and near the end of their working life. We learn a few things about the boss when Candy is telling George and Lennie about him. The first thing that Candy says about the boss is that he was very angry about them being late. Wheres the hell them new men? He always takes all of his anger out on the nigger, showing that he is racist. The stable buck, Crooks, even has a crooked back which he got from being kicked by a horse. Despite all of this anger, Candy goes on say how nice the boss is and about the Christmas where he bought a gallon of whiskey for the workers. Hes a pretty nice fellow, but he also Gets pretty mad sometimes. We then meet the boss who stepped into the room. As expected the boss is already angry about George and Lennie being late, but he is already suspicious. This is because George doesnt let Lennie speak and the boss assumes that there is something dodgy going on. The boss accuses George of stealing Lennies wages. You taking his pay away from him? The boss is paranoid and doesnt really believe in friendshi p. He is very suspicious about them and asks George questions, forcing him to lie, Hes mycousin. The tone of voice that is used throughout the interview is angry and suspicious. He is angry at George and Lennie for being late and suspicious about Georges behaviour. The next character is the bosss son, Curley. Curley is described as A little stocky man. The clothes that he wears remind us of a typical cowboy. blue jean trousers, a flannel shirt, a black, unbuttoned vest and a black coat. His thumbs were stuck in his belt, on each side of a square steel buckle. This shows us that he is not a labouring man and has a higher status. This is also shown by the fact that he stands confidently and arrogantly. He is broad, short and stocky, but also powerful. When George and Lennie meet Curley for the first time they immediately make an enemy. Right from the beginning Curley gives them a hostile reception when he walks him. He glanced coldly at George and then at Lennie. For some reason he seems to be looking for a fight, his hands closed into fists. Curley seems to have a problem with Lennie. Curley is very small and not like a normal man and is jealous of Lennie he sees Lennie as a threat. Lennie is huge and muscular, but Curley is small and stocky. Even though he symbolises a higher status he is morally and physically stunted. Curley is very violent for a small man and can be compared to George, as he is a worse version of George (George is tamed my Lennie. Of all the characters we have met so far most of them are physically or mentally disabled. Curley is very small and unman-like, Crooks has a crooked back, Candy only has one hand and Lennie is mentally disabled. Steinbeck is trying to show that even though America is the land of dreams, these people have been damaged by America. Crooks is also the target of racism. Even George is damaged by America as he has failed in life. Candy is the first person to talk about Curleys wife, who describes her as a tart. George and Lennie meet her for the first time when she is supposedly looking for Curley in the bunkhouse. We cannot say that this is the real reason because Curley would not be there and she would have seen Curley go home. This shows that she may be a lonely person, or may have gone there to flirt with some of the men. However, her behaviour doesnt seem flirtatious. Im trying to find Curley, Slim, shows us that she is not coming on to Slim, but her physical appearance says that she is. The use of red imagery symbolises danger, and Curleys wife is full of make-up that is red, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made-up. Her finger nails were red. Not only is her make-up red, but so are her clothes, red muleslittle bouquets of red ostrich feathers. She is a scarlet and loose. She likes showing herself off and is not used to farm life, so she dresses quite provocatively. She is a femme fatale because Lennie is attracted to red. This links back to the woman in Weed who had a red dress. This woman is a danger to Lennie, and also to George and Lennies jobs. Lennie watched her, fascinated. Slim is the most respected man on the farm. He is described as a tall man who was well-built and strong. He is not crippled in any way like some of the other characters. Slim is a master-craftsmen He was well respected and revered by everyone on the farm and everyone would look up to him and follow him, giving him authority over everyone else. Slim is very serious and intelligent and the prince of the ranch. This shows that everyone looks to him for guidance. His voice was very gentle. Slim doesnt need to shout to get attention and respect, unlike Curley, who needs to fight and threaten. Slim can even hear things before people say something. Slim seems God-like and unrealistic because Steinbeck shows him as too perfect. He is an omnipotent who is idealised and no one is like him. Slim is used as a moral yardstick to measure everyone else. He welcomes George and Lennie to the ranch. He does this in a friendly and gentle way. His tone was friendly. It invited confidence without demanding it. He is not suspicious like the boss and believes in friends travelling together. He doesnt seem hostile and gives George and Lennie a welcoming atmosphere and understands that George and Lennie look out for each other. George is also given the confidence to open up to George and reveal his true feelings about Lennie. George is able to trust Slim and knows that he will understand and not tell anyone. Carlson seems like a nice person from the start and by the way he welcomes George and Lennie. Glad to meet ya. Like Slim, he Carlson is described as a powerful, big-stomached man. He shows his respect to Slim and lets Slim go first. Carlson stepped back to let Slim precede him. However, we then find out that he is very insensitive. He begins a conversation about Slims dog and then talks about wanting to kill Candys dog. That dog of Candys is so God-damn old he cant hardly walk. Stinks like hell, tooWhynt you get Candy to shoot his old dog. Carlson wants to kill Candys dog because he is too old and smells and is a nuisance. This is very insensitive.